FPGEE for National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) Practice Exam 2026 - Free NABP Practice Questions and Study Guide

Cushing syndrome is primarily characterized by an excess of cortisol in the body, which is often due to various underlying causes such as prolonged use of corticosteroid medications or tumors that stimulate cortisol production. This excess cortisol can lead to a range of symptoms, including weight gain, hypertension, diabetes, and changes in skin appearance, among others.

While aldosterone, growth hormone, and estrogen play important roles in the body, they do not directly cause Cushing syndrome. Excess production of aldosterone relates more to conditions like Conn's syndrome, while insufficient growth hormone and low estrogen levels are associated with other health issues but do not lead to the symptoms or hormonal imbalances defined by Cushing syndrome. Therefore, the correct choice directly correlates with the primary pathological feature of the syndrome, making it the most relevant answer.