FPGEE for National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) Practice Exam

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What hematologic condition can arise as a side effect of carbamazepine?

Thrombocytopenia
Leukopenia
Anemia
Hemolytic anemia

The correct answer is: Thrombocytopenia

Thrombocytopenia is a well-documented side effect of carbamazepine. This condition involves a reduction in the number of platelets in the blood, which can lead to an increased risk of bleeding and bruising. Carbamazepine can affect the bone marrow's ability to produce platelets, leading to this hematologic disorder. While carbamazepine can also cause other hematologic adverse effects, including leukopenia (a decrease in white blood cells), the question specifically highlights conditions that can arise from this medication. Although anemia and hemolytic anemia may occur in certain contexts, they are less commonly reported specifically in association with carbamazepine compared to thrombocytopenia. As such, thrombocytopenia is more prominently recognized as a significant and critical hematologic issue tied directly to carbamazepine usage.